Kidney is an organ located at back region of abdomen which weighs 100-150 grams. 9-It is 12 cm of length, 4–5 cm of width and 3–5 cm of thickness. There are two kidneys at left and right in normal people.

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Approximately one of every one thousand people has single kidney. Having single kidney does not have significant consequences.

1- Providing salt and water balance of our body
2- After processing of proteins which are one of the nutrients we take our body, excretion of junks (urea and creatinin) from blood.
3- By controlling blood production, in case of blood deficiency (anaemia) increasing blood production by stimulating bone marrow.
4- Forming the Vitamin D which is required for bone development after interaction with sunlight at skin in a form available for body.
5- Metabolism of some hormones produced in our body (such as insulin)

Chronic Kidney Insufficiency

It is the case of continuous loss of function of kidneys as a result of various causes. Following are the causes of kidney insufficiency at our country:
1- Diabetes
2- Hypertension
3- Infections (inflammations)
4- Stones

Treatment Methods of Chronic Kidney Insufficiency

Transplantation is not a general solution in our country because organ donation is not at sufficient levels.

Dialysis is cleaning junk substances accumulated in blood such as urea and creatinine by contacting with a fluid prepared similar to the blood (dialyzed). It is done two ways:

a) Peritoneal Dialysis: By the help of this membrane called as peritonea, it is performed by dialyzed which is left into abdomen that takes and cleans urea and creatinine from blood and afterwards that dialyzed is taken back.
b) Haemodialysis: It is the procedure of cleaning the blood after taken out by the help of a machine and mixing with dialyzed.